photo: Košice self-administrative region/70 Years Have Passed Since the Bujanovsky Tunnel, the Longest Double-track Tunnel in the Former Czechoslovakia, Was Broken Through
After the end of the Second World War, the increasing load on the railway from Čierna nad Tisou to Žilina made it necessary to double-track it. When the original single-track line of the Košice-Bohumín railway, built at the end of the 19th century, was expanded, the construction of a tunnel under the Bujanov hill in eastern Slovakia began in the early 1950s.
It has been 70 years since the Bujanov Tunnel, the longest double-track tunnel in former Czechoslovakia, was broken through. It is part of the Margecany - Kysak railway line, which formed an important part of the former družby line from Žilina to Čierna nad Tisou.
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The tunnel construction project was drawn up without a completed geological survey. It started without a single deep borehole, sufficient material and technical support or a sufficient number of people. For example, the tug-of-war between the designers of the new double-track line and the water managers over the definitive alignment of the line in the Margecany - Kysak section lasted three years. From November 1950, the construction of the Bujanovský Tunnel was carried out by a specialised tunnelling company, Československé stavebné závody, a national enterprise, the Baraba Praha plant.
However, it was not until February 1951 that the miners started to cut the first tunnel. However, they only mined three metres per day. At this rate, the tunnel could not be completed in the planned two and a half years, but only in ten years, and at that time the construction had the highest priority. Construction work did not start until the end of October 1951, when it was taken over by the national enterprise Trať družby Košice.
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Its new director, Henryk Ramič, formerly the construction manager of the tunnel in Kraľovany, soon realised that the planning of such a demanding technical work was superficial and inadequate, and there was no work schedule. Within weeks of his arrival, work began to progress rapidly, thanks in part to an innovative approach to punching developed by miners from the Central Bohemian town of Příbram. "The Bujanov Mountain is as hard as iron, but the call of the people who decided to conquer it is like steel!" was written in chalk in the directional shed on the Ružín side.
The tunnel was broken through on the night of 20-21 February 1953. The Bujanovský tunnel, which replaced the single-track Margecany tunnel located in its close vicinity, is 3,410.7 metres long and has a slight gradient from Margecany towards Košice. The entire tunnel has 425 tunnel lanes, 105 safety recesses and three small chambers.
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Source: hyperportal.sk